// no transaction
session.setFlushMode(FlushMode.AUTO); // no change with ALWAYS

session.save(new Book("THE ASSOCIATE")); // book has title only, set by constructor
session.save(new Book("CROSS COUNTRY"));
session.save(new Book("COVET"));
session.save(new Book("HEAT LIGHTNING"));

System.out.println(session.createQuery("select count(*) from Book").uniqueResult()); // prints 0
System.out.println(session.get(Book.class, 1l)); // prints book instance
System.out.println(session.createQuery("select count(*) from Book").uniqueResult()); // prints 0

session.flush();
System.out.println(session.createQuery("select count(*) from Book").uniqueResult()); // prints 4

   /**
    * detect in-memory changes, determine if the changes are to tables
    * named in the query and, if so, complete execution the flush
    */
   protected boolean autoFlushIfRequired(Set querySpaces) throws HibernateException {
      errorIfClosed();
      if ( ! isTransactionInProgress() ) {
         // do not auto-flush while outside a transaction
         return false;
      }
      AutoFlushEvent event = new AutoFlushEvent(querySpaces, this);
      AutoFlushEventListener[] autoFlushEventListener = listeners.getAutoFlushEventListeners();
      for ( int i = 0; i < autoFlushEventListener.length; i++ ) {
         autoFlushEventListener[i].onAutoFlush(event);
      }
      return event.isFlushRequired();
   }