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						 Hi,
 >>> If I make data changes using an external tool, should or can hibernate recognize these changes 
 
 As far as I understand,
 it is not possible for Hibernate ( or any ORM tool ) to recognize changes made to the database by an external entity in real time. 
 Hibernate doesn't poll the database to see if some objects are modified just to pull them up immediately. 
 It is not practically viable to do so.
 
 >>>  do I need to re-start the application? 
 Not really.
 Bypass the cache!
 i) clear the session. ( might be a costly affair )
 ii) session.refresh(object) ( if you know which object to refresh )
 
 You can also have a look at,
 i) Hibernate LockModes
 ii) Generated and Default Property Values
 
 They address similar issues. 
 
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